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Pugnax
Classification
Phylum:
Brachiopoda
Class:
Rhynchonellata
Order:
Rhynchonellida
Superfamily:
Pugnacoidea
Family:
Pugnacidae
Formal Genus Name and Reference:
Pugnax Hall & Clarke, 1893, p. 202
Type Species:
Terebratula acuminata Sowerby, 1822 in 1821-1822, p. 23, SD ICZN Opinion 420, 1956, p. 134
Images
(Click to enlarge in a new window)
Fig. 793, 1a-t. *P$. acuminatus (Sowerby), $a-e$, hypotype, dorsal, ventral, lateral, anterior, and posterior views, Lower Carboniferous, Viséan subzone D2, Derbyshire, Thorpe Cloud, England, x1$ (new), $f-t$, hypotype, serial sections, Lower Carboniferous, Dublin, Eire, x2.8$ (Schmidt, 1965a).
Synonyms
Physetorhyncha, Striatopugnax
Geographic Distribution
cosmopolitan
Age Range
Beginning Stage in Treatise Usage:
Middle Devonian (Givetian)
Beginning International Stage:
Givetian
Fraction Up In Beginning Stage:
0
Beginning Date:
385.3
Ending Stage in Treatise Usage:
Upper Permian (Tatarian)
Ending International Stage:
Wuchiapingian
Fraction Up In Ending Stage:
40
Ending Date:
257.43
Description
Commonly large size, subtriangular to transversely ovate outline, tetrahedral shape with tongue very high, forming pointed arch, dorsal valve strongly inflated, ventral valve relatively flat or concave posteriorly, Beak incurved, foramen small, Fold and sulcus very strong and narrow anteriorly, Costae weak to absent, when present few, simple, most pronounced anteriorly where may be angular, fine radial striae commonly present, Dental plates short, vertical, or ventrally divergent, Septalium and dorsal median septum absent, hinge plates divided, crural plates inclined dorsally, almost meeting valve floor, crura laterally flattened, subparallel, variable
References
Museum or Author Information
Classification
Phylum:
Brachiopoda
Class:
Rhynchonellata
Order:
Rhynchonellida
Superfamily:
Pugnacoidea
Family:
Pugnacidae
Formal Genus Name and Reference:
Pugnax Hall & Clarke, 1893, p. 202
Type Species:
Terebratula acuminata Sowerby, 1822 in 1821-1822, p. 23, SD ICZN Opinion 420, 1956, p. 134
Images
(Click to enlarge in a new window)
Fig. 793, 1a-t. *P$. acuminatus (Sowerby), $a-e$, hypotype, dorsal, ventral, lateral, anterior, and posterior views, Lower Carboniferous, Viséan subzone D2, Derbyshire, Thorpe Cloud, England, x1$ (new), $f-t$, hypotype, serial sections, Lower Carboniferous, Dublin, Eire, x2.8$ (Schmidt, 1965a).
Synonyms
Physetorhyncha, Striatopugnax
Geographic Distribution
cosmopolitan
Age Range
Beginning Stage in Treatise Usage:
Middle Devonian (Givetian)
Beginning International Stage:
Givetian
Fraction Up In Beginning Stage:
0
Beginning Date:
385.3
Ending Stage in Treatise Usage:
Upper Permian (Tatarian)
Ending International Stage:
Wuchiapingian
Fraction Up In Ending Stage:
40
Ending Date:
257.43
Description
Commonly large size, subtriangular to transversely ovate outline, tetrahedral shape with tongue very high, forming pointed arch, dorsal valve strongly inflated, ventral valve relatively flat or concave posteriorly, Beak incurved, foramen small, Fold and sulcus very strong and narrow anteriorly, Costae weak to absent, when present few, simple, most pronounced anteriorly where may be angular, fine radial striae commonly present, Dental plates short, vertical, or ventrally divergent, Septalium and dorsal median septum absent, hinge plates divided, crural plates inclined dorsally, almost meeting valve floor, crura laterally flattened, subparallel, variable