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Rafinesquina
Classification
Phylum:
Brachiopoda
Class:
Strophomenata
Order:
Strophomenida
Superfamily:
Strophomenoidea
Family:
Rafinesquinidae
Formal Genus Name and Reference:
Rafinesquina Hall & CLARKE, 1892, p. 281
Type Species:
Leptaena alternata CONRAD, 1838, p. 115, OD
Images
(Click to enlarge in a new window)
Fig. 146, 2a-e. * R. alternata (Conrad), Hudson River Group, Caradoc, Cincinnati, Ohio, $a$, dorsal view of conjoined valves, BMNH BC 56160, x1, b$, ventral interior, BMNH BC 13035, x1, c$, dorsal interior, BMNH BC 13549, x1$ (new), $d$, latex cast of cardinal area, muscle field, BMNH B 39912, x2$, enlarged view of cardinal area, BMNH B 39912, X4 (Cocks, new).
Synonyms
Geographic Distribution
cosmopolitan
Age Range
Beginning Stage in Treatise Usage:
Ordovician (Caradoc)
Beginning International Stage:
Sandbian
Fraction Up In Beginning Stage:
0
Beginning Date:
458.18
Ending Stage in Treatise Usage:
Ordovician (Ashgill)
Ending International Stage:
Hirnantian
Fraction Up In Ending Stage:
100
Ending Date:
443.07
Description
Concavoconvex profile, with dorsal valve initially very gently concave but with increased curvature anteriorly, unequally parvicostellate ornament, pseudodeltidium, larger chilidium filling delthyrium, relatively short, divergent dental plates, ventral muscle field flabellate, with no bounding ridges, ponderous triangular cardinal process lobes in adults flanked by short delicate socket ridges often with crenulations, weak dorsal median septum present, merging posteriorly with low myophragm.
References
Museum or Author Information
Classification
Phylum:
Brachiopoda
Class:
Strophomenata
Order:
Strophomenida
Superfamily:
Strophomenoidea
Family:
Rafinesquinidae
Formal Genus Name and Reference:
Rafinesquina Hall & CLARKE, 1892, p. 281
Type Species:
Leptaena alternata CONRAD, 1838, p. 115, OD
Images
(Click to enlarge in a new window)
Fig. 146, 2a-e. * R. alternata (Conrad), Hudson River Group, Caradoc, Cincinnati, Ohio, $a$, dorsal view of conjoined valves, BMNH BC 56160, x1, b$, ventral interior, BMNH BC 13035, x1, c$, dorsal interior, BMNH BC 13549, x1$ (new), $d$, latex cast of cardinal area, muscle field, BMNH B 39912, x2$, enlarged view of cardinal area, BMNH B 39912, X4 (Cocks, new).
Synonyms
Geographic Distribution
cosmopolitan
Age Range
Beginning Stage in Treatise Usage:
Ordovician (Caradoc)
Beginning International Stage:
Sandbian
Fraction Up In Beginning Stage:
0
Beginning Date:
458.18
Ending Stage in Treatise Usage:
Ordovician (Ashgill)
Ending International Stage:
Hirnantian
Fraction Up In Ending Stage:
100
Ending Date:
443.07
Description
Concavoconvex profile, with dorsal valve initially very gently concave but with increased curvature anteriorly, unequally parvicostellate ornament, pseudodeltidium, larger chilidium filling delthyrium, relatively short, divergent dental plates, ventral muscle field flabellate, with no bounding ridges, ponderous triangular cardinal process lobes in adults flanked by short delicate socket ridges often with crenulations, weak dorsal median septum present, merging posteriorly with low myophragm.