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Spinatrypa
Classification
Phylum:
Brachiopoda
Class:
Rhynchonellata
Order:
Atrypida
Superfamily:
Atrypoidea
Family:
Atrypidae
Formal Genus Name and Reference:
Spinatrypa STAINBROOK, 1951, p. 196, nom. nov. pro Hystricina STAINBROOK, 1945, p. 49, non MALLOCH, 1932
Type Species:
Atrypa hystrix var. occidentalis HALL, 1858a, p. 515; OD]
Images
(Click to enlarge in a new window)
Fig. 953 a–c. *S. occidentalis (HALL), Iowa, USA; dorsal, posterior, lateral views, ×2 (new).——FIG. 953 d–e. S. spinosa (HALL), Givetian, New York, USA; internal views of ventral, dorsal valves, ×2 (new).——FIG. 953f–g. S. curvirostra COPPER, lower Givetian, Germany; serial sections, ×3 (Copper, 1967d).
Synonyms
Plicspinatrypa
Geographic Distribution
Urals
Age Range
Beginning Stage in Treatise Usage:
Middle Devonian (?upper Eifelian, Givetian
Beginning International Stage:
Eifelian
Fraction Up In Beginning Stage:
50
Beginning Date:
389.8
Ending Stage in Treatise Usage:
Upper Devonian (Frasnian)
Ending International Stage:
Frasnian
Fraction Up In Ending Stage:
100
Ending Date:
371.1
Description
Medium to large, dorsibiconvex to convexoplane; small orthoclinehypercline area; foramen apical-transapical; deltidial plates commonly lost or obscured by beak incurvature; ribs coarse to very coarse, rarely becoming almost smooth; strong, wavelike growth lamellae developing into coarse, irregular spines up to 15 mm long; moderately to strongly plicate commissure; interior with thin pedicle callist or collar; teeth large, with accessory lobes; dental cavities small to prominent (i.e., strong dental plates); hinge plates strong; crura curved, feathered; dorsal spiralia with 8 to 15 widely spaced whorls; long jugal processes terminating in large, spatulate jugal plates. [Distinguished from Isospinatrypa and Spinatrypina by large size, very coarse, undulose ribs, long spines, more prominent area, deltidial plates, larger dental cavities. STAINBROOK first described the genus as Hystricina (1945), which turned out to be preoccupied, so he substituted Spinatrypa (1951). When he cited the type he indicated Atrypa aspera var. occidentalis, for he misread the original HALL description that said Atrypa hystrix var. occidentalis (corrected, but not by STAINBROOK). In 1938, moreover, STAINBROOK had already raised occidentalis to species rank, which he had forgotten about by 1945. RZHONSNITSKAIA described Plicspinatrypa as part of a wider paper by her and others in 1998 (she alone is listed as author of the genus). The type of Plicspinatrypa is cited as Spinatrypina plicata RZHONSNITSKAIA, 1964; unfortunately in 1964 she never described the species and just published a single figure. She finally described the species plicata in 1975, which then validates the species.]
References
Museum or Author Information
Classification
Phylum:
Brachiopoda
Class:
Rhynchonellata
Order:
Atrypida
Superfamily:
Atrypoidea
Family:
Atrypidae
Formal Genus Name and Reference:
Spinatrypa STAINBROOK, 1951, p. 196, nom. nov. pro Hystricina STAINBROOK, 1945, p. 49, non MALLOCH, 1932
Type Species:
Atrypa hystrix var. occidentalis HALL, 1858a, p. 515; OD]
Images
(Click to enlarge in a new window)
Fig. 953 a–c. *S. occidentalis (HALL), Iowa, USA; dorsal, posterior, lateral views, ×2 (new).——FIG. 953 d–e. S. spinosa (HALL), Givetian, New York, USA; internal views of ventral, dorsal valves, ×2 (new).——FIG. 953f–g. S. curvirostra COPPER, lower Givetian, Germany; serial sections, ×3 (Copper, 1967d).
Synonyms
Plicspinatrypa
Geographic Distribution
Urals
Age Range
Beginning Stage in Treatise Usage:
Middle Devonian (?upper Eifelian, Givetian
Beginning International Stage:
Eifelian
Fraction Up In Beginning Stage:
50
Beginning Date:
389.8
Ending Stage in Treatise Usage:
Upper Devonian (Frasnian)
Ending International Stage:
Frasnian
Fraction Up In Ending Stage:
100
Ending Date:
371.1
Description
Medium to large, dorsibiconvex to convexoplane; small orthoclinehypercline area; foramen apical-transapical; deltidial plates commonly lost or obscured by beak incurvature; ribs coarse to very coarse, rarely becoming almost smooth; strong, wavelike growth lamellae developing into coarse, irregular spines up to 15 mm long; moderately to strongly plicate commissure; interior with thin pedicle callist or collar; teeth large, with accessory lobes; dental cavities small to prominent (i.e., strong dental plates); hinge plates strong; crura curved, feathered; dorsal spiralia with 8 to 15 widely spaced whorls; long jugal processes terminating in large, spatulate jugal plates. [Distinguished from Isospinatrypa and Spinatrypina by large size, very coarse, undulose ribs, long spines, more prominent area, deltidial plates, larger dental cavities. STAINBROOK first described the genus as Hystricina (1945), which turned out to be preoccupied, so he substituted Spinatrypa (1951). When he cited the type he indicated Atrypa aspera var. occidentalis, for he misread the original HALL description that said Atrypa hystrix var. occidentalis (corrected, but not by STAINBROOK). In 1938, moreover, STAINBROOK had already raised occidentalis to species rank, which he had forgotten about by 1945. RZHONSNITSKAIA described Plicspinatrypa as part of a wider paper by her and others in 1998 (she alone is listed as author of the genus). The type of Plicspinatrypa is cited as Spinatrypina plicata RZHONSNITSKAIA, 1964; unfortunately in 1964 she never described the species and just published a single figure. She finally described the species plicata in 1975, which then validates the species.]